Oral Contraceptive Pill

Contraceptives:

This section includes combined oestrogen progestrogen oral contraceptive and progestrogen only contraceptives.

Conbined Oral Contraceptives:

Oral Contraceptives containing an oestrogen and a progestrogen are the most effective preparations for general use.

The dosage regimen for combined oral contraceptives is usually 1 tablet daily for 21 days followed by a 7 days interval.


Dose of Conbined Oral Contraceptives:

1.  Levonorgestel 0.15mg , Ethyl Estradiao 0.03mg per tablet.
     28's tablet- 1 tablet daily for 21 days starting on 1st day on menstruation.

2.  Norgestimate 0.25mg, Ethiyl estradiol 0.003mg per tablet.
     21's tablet- 1 tablet daily for 21 days beginning on day 1 of menstrual cycle followed by a tablet interval
    of 7  days.

Use:  used as contraception & other menstrual problems.


Side Effect :

- Nausea
- Vomiting

- Headache

- Breast tenderness

- Change body weight
- Changes in libido
- Depression
- Hypertension-Impairment of liver function
- Benign hepatic tumors
- Reduced menstrual loss
- Spotting in early cycles
- Amonorrhoea


 Indication:  Contraception( control menopausal & menstrual symptoms)

Cautions:

- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Cardiac or renal diseases
- Migraine
- Depression
- Asthama
- Uterine fibromyomatar 
- Lactation
- Risk of arterial thrombosis associated with oral contraception is increased with age and aggraveted by smoking and obesity.


Progestogen Only Contraceptives:

When oestrogens are contra-indicated progestogen only  preparations may offer a suitable alternative but have a higher failure rate them combined preparations. Oral preparations are start on the 1st day of the cycle and taken every day.

How  it Work

Dose:

1.  Allyoestrenal 5mg per tablet.
    Continue until at least 1 month after the end of critical period.

    Premature lobour , according to individual up to 40mg per tablet daily have been used.

Indication: Threatened or habitual abortion, failure on nidation where due to lack of progesterone threatened pre-mature labour.

Birth Control

 
Birth Control:

Birth control are define as contraception and fertility control which are methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy.

Contraceptive Injection

Contraceptive Injection: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contraceptive injection (The Shot): Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a progestin-only long acting reversible hormonal contraceptive that used as birth control drug and it injected every 3 month later. It stops releasing an egg and provides other contraceptive effects.

 

The contraceptive injection is a very effective solution for prevent contraception. It depending on the type of injection. Each injection given every eight weeks or given every twelve weeks.

The contraceptive injection contains a progestogen hormone which prevent unaccepted  pregnancy.

Advantages of the contraceptive injection:

• Do not take a pill every day.
• It does not interfere when doing sex.
• It can be used when breast-feeding.
• It can be used in the problems of periods, such as premenstrual tension, heavy periods and pain.
• Can not take the combined pill when used the injection
• It may protect against pelvic infection. when mucus plug in the cervix then stop bacteria travelling into the womb.

 

What are the disadvantages of the contraceptive injection?

• Side-effects will show after 2-3 months later, until the progesterone goes from your body.
• The contraceptive injection is long-acting and become fertile again takes from the last injection. After 6-8 months later some women may not ovulate from the last injection. Rarely, fertility is returns after two years. This time varies from woman to woman.
• May be periods are likely to change. Some women have irregular bleeding which day by day it can be normal. When contraceptive injection is used as a long time, the more likely periods will stop (Example: 7 in 10 women).

Contraception

Contraception:

Contraception also known as various use of devices, drugs, agents, sexual practices, or surgical procedures to prevent conception or pregnancy.

The condom is the only one contraception device which can be help to protect the sexual partners from STIs.